Cent Eur J Nurs Midw 2016, 7(4):542-548 | DOI: 10.15452/CEJNM.2016.07.0027

Risk of falling in pediatric nursing

Jana Chromá
Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Ostrava, Czech Republic

Aim: The aim of this article is to describe, analyze and compare the assessment tools used to evaluate risk of falling in pediatric nursing.

Design: Review - literature review.

Methods: Electronic licensed and freely accessible databases (Bibliographia Medica Čechoslovaca, MEDLINE, Web of Science, PubMed a Scopus) were used to obtain data. Instruments for measuring risk of falling in languages other than Czech, Slovak or English, and scales unsuitable for measuring risk of falling in pediatric nursing were excluded from the analysis.

Results: From analysis of the collected information, the most suitable tool for assessment of risk of falling in pediatric nursing seems to be the Humpty Dumpty measuring scale.

Conclusion: At present there are many assessment tools that can be used to evaluate the risk of falling in pediatric nursing, but most are available in English. Czech pediatric nursing continues to lack measuring tools with verified psychometric properties.

Keywords: risk of fall, assessment, pediatrics, child, nursing

Received: April 11, 2016; Accepted: July 8, 2016; Published: September 30, 2016  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Chromá J. Risk of falling in pediatric nursing. Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery. 2016;7(4):542-548. doi: 10.15452/CEJNM.2016.07.0027.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Britton JW. Kids canʼt fly: preventing fall injuries in children. Official Publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin. 2005;104(1):33-36.
    2. Coker E, Oliver D. Evaluation of the STRATIFY falls prediction tool on a geriatric unit. Outcomes Management. 2003;7(1):8-14.
    3. Copeland P. Patient falls conference: translating research into practice. [online]. [cited 2016 Mar 5]. Available from: http://scribd.com/doc/2322577/PSC-Newsletter-2007-summer
    4. Cummings R. Creating a Pediatric Fall Assessment Tool. Cummings pediatric fall assessment scale unpublished scale ©. 2006. [online]. Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ [cited 2016 Mar 5]. Available from: https://stti.confex.com/stti/congrs06/techprogram/paper_30951.htm
    5. Česko. Zákon č. 65 ze dne 16. června 1965 zákoník páce In. Sbírka zákonů České republiky. 1965, částka 172-186. Available from: http://www.mpsv.cz/ppropo.php?ID=z65_1965o (in Czech)
    6. Česko. Vyhláška MZČR č. 440 ze dne 31. listopadu 2001 o odškodnění bolesti a ztížení společenského uplatnění. In. Sbírka zákonů České republiky 2001. Available from: http://www.mpsv.cz/ppropo.php?ID=v440_2001 (in Czech)
    7. Dedoukou X, Spyridopoulos T, Kedikoglou S, Alexe DM, Dessypris N, Petridou E. Incidence and risk factors of fall injuries among infants: a study in Greece. Archive of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine. 2004;158(10):1002-1006. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Flavin MP, Dostaler SM, Simpson K, Brison RJ, Pickett W. Stages of development and injury patterns in the early years: a population-based analysis. BMC Public Health. 2006;6:187. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Fortinsky RH, Baker D, Gottschalk M, King M, Trella P, Tinetti ME. Extent of implementation of evidence-based fall prevention practices for older patients in home health care. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2008;56(4):737- 743. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Fujita Y, Fujita M, Fujiwara C. Pediatric falls: effect of prevention measures and characteristics of pediatric wards. Japan Journal of Nursing Science. 2013;10(2):223-231. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    11. Graf ER. Pediatric hospital falls: development of a predictor model to guide pediatric clinical practice. Honor Society of Nursing. 2005. Available from: http://www.nursinglibrary.org/vhl/handle/10755/147928
    12. Graf ER. Pediatric fall risk assessment classification: two hallmarks for a successful inpatient fall prevention program. Journal for the Society Pediatric Nurses. 2008;17(2):3-5.
    13. Graf ER. Magnet children's hospitals: leading knowledge development and quality standards for inpatient pediatric fall prevention programs. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 2011;26(2):122-127. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    14. Harvey K, Kramlich D, Chapman J, Parker J, Blades E. Exploring and evaluating five pediatric falls assessment instruments and injury risk indicators: an ambispective study in a tertiary care setting. Journal of Nursing Management. 2010;18(5):531-541. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Hendrich AL, Bender PS, Nyhuis A. Validation of the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model: a large concurrent case/control study of hospitalized patients. Applied Nursing Research. 2003;16(1):9-21. Go to original source...
    16. Hendrich AL. How to try this: predicting patient falls. Using the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model in clinical practice. American Journal of Nursing. 2007;107(11):50-58. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Hill-Rodriguez D, Messmer PR, Williams PD, Zeller RA, Williams AR, Wood M, Henry M. The Dumpty dumpty Falls Scale: a case-control study. Journal for Specialist in Pediatric Nursing. 2009;14(1):22-32. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Hlaváčková E, Klementová M, Macurová S. Jak je sledováno riziko pádů u dětí v českých zdravotnických zařízeních. Pediatrie pro praxi. 2012;13(6):412-414. (in Czech)
    19. Child Health Corporation of America Nursing Falls Study Task Force. Pediatric falls: state of the science. Pediatric Nursing. 2009;35(4):227-231.
    20. Jamerson P, Graf E, Messmer PR, Fields HW, Barton S, Berger A, Daraiseh NM, Fix M, Huth M, Latta L, Smith AB, Lunbeck M. Inpatient falls in freestanding children's hospitals. Pediatric Nursing. 2014;40(3):127-135.
    21. Joint Commission Resources. Reducing the risk of falls in your health organisation. 1th ed. USA: JCR; 2005.
    22. Joint Commission Resources. Staff education tools for the national patient safety goals. 1th ed. USA: JRC; 2007.
    23. Lee YL, Yip WK, Goh BW, Chiam EP, Ng HP. Fall prevention among children in the presence of caregivers in a paediatric ward: a best practice implementation. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare. 2013;11(1):33-38. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    24. Mcclure R, Nixon J, Spinks A, Turner C. Community-based programmes to prevent falls in children: a systematic review. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. 2005;41(9-10):465- 470. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    25. Messmer PR, Williams AR. Protecting children by preventing falls. American Nurse Today. 2012;7(6). Monson SA, Henry E, Lambert DK, Schmutz N, Christensen RD. In-hospital falls of newborn infants: data from a multihospital health care system. Pediatrics. 2008;122(2):e277-280. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Milisen K, Staelens N, Schwendimann R, De Paepe L, Verhaeghe J, Braes T, Boonen S, Pelemans W, Kressig RW, Dejaeger E. Fall prediction in inpatients by bedside nurses using the St. Thomasʼs Risk Assessment Tool in Falling Elderly Inpatients (STRATIFY) instrument: a multicenter study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2007;55(5):725-733. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    27. Murray JA, Chen D, Velmahos GC, Alo K, Belzberg H, Asensio JA, Demetriades D, Berne TV. Pediatric falls: is height a predictor of injury and outcome? The American Surgeon. 2000;66(9):863-865. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    28. Myers H, Nikoletti S. Fall risk assessment: a prospective investigation of nurses' clinical judgement and risk assessment tools in predicting patient falls. International Journal of Nursing Practice. 2003;9(3):158-165. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Oʼconnell B, Myers H. The sensitivity and specificity of the Morse Fall Scale in an acute care setting. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2002;11(1):134-136. Go to PubMed...
    30. Pauley BJ, Houston LS, Cheng D, Johnston DM. Clinical relevance of the Humpty Dumpty Falls Scale in a pediatric specialty hospital. Pediatric Nursing. 2014;40(3):137-142.
    31. Pickett W, Streight S, Simpson K, Brison RJ. Injuries experienced by infant children: a population-based epidemiological analysis. Pediatrics. 2003;111(4 Pt 1):e365- 370. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    32. Pillai SB, Bethel CA, Besner GE, Caniano DA, Cooney DR. Fall injuries in the pediatric population: safer and most cost effective management. Journal of Trauma. 2000;48(6):1048- 1051. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    33. Razmus I, Wilson D, Smith R, Newman E. Falls in hospitalized children. Pediatric Nursing. 2006;32(6):568- 572.
    34. Ryan-Wenger NA, Kimchi-Woods J, Erbaugh MA, LaFollette L, Lathrop J. Challenges and conundrums in the validation of Pediatric Fall Risk Assessment tools. Pediatric Nursing. 2012;38(3):159-167.
    35. Safe Kids Worldwide. Facts about childhood falls. Retrieved March 12, 2008 [cited 2016 Mar 5]. Available from: http://www.safekidssonomacounty.org/pdf/fact_sheets/falls_facts.pdf
    36. Schaffer PL, Daraiseh NM, Daum L, Mendez E, Lin L, Huth MM. Pediatric inpatient falls and injuries: a descriptive analysis of risk factors. Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing. 2012;17(1):10-18. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    37. Schmid NA. 1989 Federal Nursing Service Award Winner. Reducing patient falls: a research based comprehensive fall prevention program. Military Medicine. 1990;155(5):202- 207. Go to original source...
    38. Svobodová D. Sledování pádů u hospitalizovaných pacientů v letech 2011-2012. Česká Asociace Sester; 2013 [cited 2016 Mar 5]. Available from: http://www.cnna.cz/docs/tiskoviny/zaverecna_zprava_2011_2012-91b6f.pdf (in Czech)
    39. Šenkárová Z. Management pádů v ošetřovatelství. Sestra. 2012;22(9):36-37. (in Czech)
    40. Škrla P, Škrlová M. Řízení rizik ve zdravotnických zařízeních. 1. vyd. Praha: Grada Publishing, a.s.; 2008. (in Czech)
    41. Tinetti ME, Gordon C, Sogolow E, Lapin P, Bradley EH. Fall-risk evaluation and management: challenges in adopting geriatric care practices. The Gerontologist. 2006;46(6):717- 725. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    42. Topinková E. Geriatrie pro praxi. 1.vyd. Praha: Galén, 2005. (in Czech)
    43. Vilke GM, Stepanski BM, Ray LU, Lutz MW, Murrin PA, Chan TC. 9-1-1 responses for shopping cart and stroller injuries. Pediatric Emergency Care. 2004;20(10):660-663. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    44. Wirrell EC. Epilepsy-related injuries. Epilepsia. 2006;47(Suppl 1):79-86. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    45. Wood M, HIll-Rodriguez D, Messmer PR, PhD, Henry M, Salani D, Vazquez D, Soto ME, Minick Ch. Implementing a Humpty Dumpty Falls Scale for pediatric patients [online]. 2006. 17th International Nursing Research Congress Focusing on Evidence-Based Practice. [cited 2016 Mar 5]. Available from : http://stti.confex.com/stti/congrs06/techprogram/paper_30374.htm

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content