Cent Eur J Nurs Midw 2015, 6(4):360-366 | DOI: 10.15452/CEJNM.2015.06.0028

Effect of the cognitive rehabilitation in patients with mild cognitive impairment and identified brain atrophy

Petr Nilius1,*, Petra Krulová2, Dagmar Beránková2, Pavel Ressner2, Olga Zapletalová2, Jana Minarčíková2, Jan Pouchlý2
1 Department of Psychology, Philosophical Faculty of Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
2 Department of Neurology, Centre for Cognitive Disorders, Ostrava University Hospital, Czech Republic

Aim: The main objective of this study was to analyse the development of cognitive functions and effect of cognitive rehabilitation on patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), as a result of brain atrophy.

Design: A quantitative non-randomized intervention study on a control sample of patients.

Methods: The effect was observed in a group of patients ranging 59-91 years of age (N = 36). Only patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of mild cognitive disorder diagnosed by tomography (CT) that had undergone 22 sessions, were involved in the clinical sample (n = 21). The control sample (n = 15) consisted of patients without any neurological diagnosis and who did not undergo cognitive sessions.

Results: The effect of cognitive rehabilitation was measured by Addenbrooke's cognitive test, revised in 2010 (ACE-R); affective changes were measured by Beck's scale of depression BDI-2 and by a scale used to detect anxiety and depression: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Subjective change and improvement were observed using the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) psychiatric scale. Changes in the functional state of patients were measured by means of the activities of daily living scale (ADL), including the instrumental version (IADL). The effect was examined in the form of entry and output tests, which were verified by statistical analysis, a significant level being p > 0.05.

Conclusions: Significant differences in verbal tests and ACE-R were observed in the clinical sample of patients. Some significant changes were observed in the field of affective symptoms, according to the HADS and BDI-2. The clinical sample showed a significant improvement in subjective clinical state (CGI). The ADL and IADL questionnaires seem to have been inadequate for purpose due to their low sensitivity. The effect of cognitive rehabilitation in patients diagnosed with mild cognitive disorder can be seen and verified in comparison with the control sample, which did not suffer from any neurological disorder and did not undergo cognitive sessions. Cognitive rehabilitation may serve as a useful tool for improving cognitive activation in patients diagnosed with brain atrophy. Results are in line with the current state of knowledge and have an overlap in nursing care.

Keywords: cognitive rehabilitation, cortical atrophy, MCI, ACE-R, depression, anxiety, CGI

Received: September 23, 2015; Accepted: November 8, 2015; Published: September 30, 2015  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Nilius P, Krulová P, Beránková D, Ressner P, Zapletalová O, Minarčíková J, Pouchlý J. Effect of the cognitive rehabilitation in patients with mild cognitive impairment and identified brain atrophy. Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery. 2015;6(4):360-366. doi: 10.15452/CEJNM.2015.06.0028.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Bartoš A, Raisová M, Kopeček M. Novelizace české verze Addenbrookskeho kognitivního testu (ACE-CZ). Česká a slovenská neurologie a neurochirurgie. 2011;74/107(6):681- 684. (in Czech)
    2. Beránková D, Krulová P, Mračková M, Eliášová I, Košťálová M, Janoušová E, Stehnová I, Bar M, Ressner P, Nilius P, Tomagová M, Rektorová I. Addenbrookský kognitivní test - orientační normy pro českou populaci. Česká a slovenská neurologie a neurochirurgie. 2015;78/111(3):300-305. (in Czech)
    3. Busner J, Targum SD. The clinical global impressions scale: applying a research tool in clinical practice. Psychiatry (Edgmont). 2007;4(7):28-37.
    4. Cipriani G, Bianchetti A, Trabucchi M. Outcomes of a computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program on Alzheimer's disease patients compared with those on patients affected by mild cognitive impairment. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2006;43(3):327-335. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Flicker C, Ferris SH, Reisberg B. Mild cognitive impairment in the elderly: predictors of dementia. Neurology. 1991;41(7):1006-1009. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    6. Gaber TA. Evaluation of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination's validity in a brain injury rehabilitation setting. Brain Injury. 2008;22(7-8):589-593. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    7. Gehring K, Aaronson NK, Gundy CM, Taphoorn MJ, Sitskoorn MM. Predictors of neuropsychological improvement following cognitive rehabilitation in patients with gliomas. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society: JINS. 2011;17(2):256-266. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    8. Heyn P, Abreu BC, Ottenbacher KJ. The effects of exercise training on elderly persons with cognitive impairment and dementia: a meta-analysis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2004;85(10):1694-1704. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Hofmann M, Hock C, Müller-Spahn F. Computer-based cognitive training in Alzheimer's disease patients. Annals of the New York Academy Sciences. 1996;777:249-254. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. Holmerová I, Janečková H, Vaňková H, Veleta P. Nefarmakologické přístupy v terapii Alzheimerovy demence a praktické aspekty péče o postižené. Psychiatrie pro praxi. 2005;6(4):175-178. (in Czech)
    11. Huckans M, Hutson L, Twamley E, Jak A, Kaye J, Storzbach D. Efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation therapies for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults: working toward a theoretical model and evidence-based interventions. Neuropsychology Review. 2013;23(1):63-80. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    12. Karr JE, Areshenkoff CN, Garcia-Barrera MA. The neuropsychological outcomes of concussion: A systematic review of meta-analyses on the cognitive sequelae of mild traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychology. 2014;28(3):321- 336. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    13. Nikolai, T, Vyhnálek M, Literáková E, Marková H, Hort J. Vyšetření kognitivních funkcí v časné diagnostice Alzheimerovy nemoci. Neurologie pro praxi. 2013;14(6):297-301. (in Czech)
    14. Nilius P, Krulová P. Tematické listy pro skupinovou rehabilitaci a kognitivní trénink mozku. Ostrava: Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava, 2013. 74 s. [cited 2015 Nov 9]. Available from: http://nela.fno.cz/doc/tematicke-listy.pdf (in Czech)
    15. Pascual-Leone A, Freitas C, Oberman L, Horvath JC, Halko M, Eldaief M, Bashir S, Vernet M, Shafi M, Westover B, Vahabzadeh-Hagh AM, Rotenberg A. Characterizing brain cortical plasticity and network dynamics across the age-span in health and disease with TMS-EEG and TMS-fMRI. Brain topografy. 2011;24(3-4):302-315. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Preiss M, Vacíř K. BDI-II. Beckova sebeposuzovací škála pro dospělé. Brno: psychodiagnostika. 1999. (in Czech)
    17. Preiss M, Bartoš A, Čermáková R, Nondek M, Benešová M, Rodriguez M, Raisová M, Laing H. Neuropsychologická baterie Psychiatrického centra Praha. 3. vyd. Praha: Psychiatrické centrum Praha, 2012. (in Czech)
    18. Rodakowski J, Saghafi E, Butters MA, Skidmore ER. Nonpharmacological interventions for adults with mild cognitive impairment and early stage dementia: An updated scoping review. Molecular Aspects of Medicine. 2015;43-44:38-53. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    19. Sheardová, K. Mírná kognitivní porucha v praxi. Psychiatrie pro praxi. 2010;11(2):62-65. (in Czech)
    20. Snaith, RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Health and Quality of life outcomes. 2003;1:29. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    21. Viola LF, Nunes PV, Yassuda MS, Aprahamian I, Santos FS, Santos GD, Brum PS, Borges SM, Oliveira AM, Chaves GF, Ciasca EC, Ferreira RC, Paula VJ, Takeda OH, Mirandez RM, Watari R, Falcao DV, Cachioni M, Forlenza OV. Effects of a multidisciplinary cognitive rehabilitation program for patients with mild Alzheimer's disease. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66(8):1395-1400. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content