Cent Eur J Nurs Midw 2021, 12(4):530-536 | DOI: 10.15452/cejnm.2021.12.0030

Sleep quality and body mass index of nurses: a cross-sectional study

Necibe Dağcan1, Sümeyye Arslan2
1 Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
2 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between nurses’ sleep quality and body mass index.

Design: This is a cross-sectional study.

Methods: This study was conducted with 583 nurses working in a single hospital. It was conducted between July 2018 and June 2019.

Results: Among the nurses participating in the study, 69.1% of nurses were found to have poor sleep quality. Body mass index was within normal range in 55.4% of nurses. Nurses working in intensive care unit / operation room / emergency units, nurses working for less than 10 years, nurses working on nights shifts have more normal body weights. There were statistically significant differences between body mass index ratios and sleep quality scores.

Conclusion: Sleep quality was found to be negatively affected as working hours increased. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between sleep quality and BMI. Sleep quality increased as BMI increased.

Keywords: body mass index, nursing, nutrition, sleep, sleep quality

Received: February 15, 2021; Revised: August 6, 2021; Accepted: September 22, 2021; Published: December 7, 2021  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Dağcan N, Arslan S. Sleep quality and body mass index of nurses: a cross-sectional study. Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery. 2021;12(4):530-536. doi: 10.15452/cejnm.2021.12.0030.
Download citation

References

  1. Ağargün, M. Y., Kara, H., & Anlar, Ö. (1996). Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksiʼnin geçerliği ve güvenirliği [Validity and reliability of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index]. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 7(2), 107-115.
  2. Akbari, V., Hajian, A., & Mirhashemi, M. S. (2016). Evaluating of sleep quality in shift-work nurses. Iranian Journal of Sleep Disoreders & Therapy, 5(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0277.1000225 Go to original source...
  3. Arpaci, F. (2007). Vardiya Usulü Çalişmanin Hemşirelerin Sosyal Yaşami ve Ev Yaşami Üzerindeki Etkilerinin İncelenmesi [Examining the effects of working in shifts on nurses' social life and home life]. E-Journal of New World Sciences Academy, 2(4), 71-79.
  4. Axelsson, J., Akerstedt, T., Kecklund, G., & Lowden, A. (2004). Tolerance to shift work - how does it relate to sleep and wakefulness? International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 77(2), 121-129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-003-0482-1 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  5. Balci, K. (2017). The assessment of the relationship between nutritional status and sleep quality in adult subjects working at Başkent University Ankara Hospital. Retrieved October 26, 2021, from https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=TR2019000415
  6. Beebe, D., Chang, J. J., Kress, K., & Mattfeldt-Beman, M. (2017). Diet quality and sleep quality among day and night shift nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 25(7), 549-557. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12492 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  7. Buysse, D. J., Reynolds III, C. F., Monk, T. H., Hoch, C. C., Yeager, A. L., & Kupfer, D. J. (1991). Quantification of subjective sleep quality in healthy elderly men and women using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Sleep, 14(4), 331-338. Go to PubMed...
  8. Chan, M. F. (2009). Factors associated with perceived sleep quality of nurses working on rotating shifts. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 18(2), 285-293. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02583.x Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  9. Chang, W. P. (2018). Influence of shift type on sleep quality of female nurses working monthly rotating shifts with cortisol awakening response as mediating variable. Chronobiology International, 35(11), 1503-1512. https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2018.1493491 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  10. Chang, Y. Y., Lin, C. L., & Chang, L. Y. (2017). The effects of aromatherapy massage on sleep quality of nurses on monthly rotating night shifts. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2017, 3861273. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3861273 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  11. Chen, X. Q., Jiang, X. M., Zheng, Q. X., Zheng, J., He, H. G., Pan, Y. Q., & Liu, G. H. (2020). Factors associated with workplace fatigue among midwives in southern China: a multi-centre cross-sectional study. Journal of Nursing Management, 28(4), 881-891. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13015 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  12. Demir, A. (2005). Hemşirelerin Vardiya ile Çalişmalarinin Anksiyete ve Arteryel Kan Basincina Etkisinin İrdelenmesi [The investigation of the effects of shift working on nurses' anxiety and arterial blood pressure]. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlik Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 40-54.
  13. Devlet Memurlari Kanunu [State Officers Law]. (1965, 23 July). Resmi Gazete (Sayi: 12056). Retrieved from: https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=657&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=5
  14. Fişkin, A., Bayik Temel, A., Yildirim, J. G. (2013). Hemşirelerde Uyku Sorunlari ve Etkili Etmenler [Sleep problems and factors affecting sleep in nurses]. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(2), 13-32.
  15. Ghalichi, L., Pournik, O., Ghaffari, M., & Vingard, E. (2013). Sleep quality among health care workers. Archives of Iranian medicine, 16(2), 100-103. Go to PubMed...
  16. Günaydin, N. (2014). Bir Devlet Hastanesinde Çalişan Hemşirelerin Uyku Kalitesi ve Genel Ruhsal Durumlarina Etkisi [The quality of sleep and effects on general mental health of nurses who work in a state hospital]. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 5(1), 33-40. https://doi.org/10.5505/phd.2014.63935 Go to original source...
  17. Guo, Y., Liu, Y., Huang, X., Rong, Y., He, M., Wang, Y., & Chen, W. (2013). The effects of shift work on sleeping quality, hypertension and diabetes in retired workers. PloS One, 8(8), e71107. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071107 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  18. Gupta, S. (2017). Dietary practices and nutritional profile of female nurses from government hospitals in Delhi, India. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 22(5), 348-353. Go to PubMed...
  19. Han, Y., Yuan, Y., Zhang, L., & Fu, Y. (2016). Sleep disorder status of nurses in general hospitals and its influencing factors. Psychiatria Danubina, 28(2), 176-183. Go to PubMed...
  20. Hark, L., Ashton, K., & Deen, D. (Eds.). (2012). The nurse practitioner's guide to nutrition (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.
  21. Huth, J. J., Eliades, A., Handwork, C., Englehart, J. L., & Messenger, J. (2013). Shift worked, quality of sleep, and elevated body mass index in pediatric nurses. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 28(6), e64-e73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2013.02.032 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  22. International Labour Office. (2005). ILO Nursing personnel convention No. 149. https://www.who.int/hrh/nursing_midwifery/nursing_convention_C149.pdf
  23. Karaçil Ermumcu, M., & Acar Tek, N. (2016). Sağlik Profesyonellerinde Sağlikli Beslenme Kaygisi: Ortoreksiya Nervoza (ON) [Healthy eating concern in health professionals: orthorexia nervosa (ON)]. Gazi Sağlik Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(2), 59-71.
  24. Karakaş, S. A., Gönültaş, N., & Okanli, A. (2017). Vardiyali Çalişan Hemşirelerde Uyku Kalitesi [The quality of sleep of nurses who work shifts]. ERÜ Sağlik Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(1), 17-26.
  25. Knutsson, A. (2003). Health disorders of shift workers. Occupational medicine, 53(2), 103-108. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqg048 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  26. Kunert, K., King, M. L., & Kolkhorst, F. W. (2007). Fatigue and sleep quality in nurses. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 45(8), 30-37. https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20070801-07 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  27. Lauderdale, D. S., Knutson, K. L., Rathouz, P. J., Yan, L. L., Hulley, S. B., & Liu, K. (2009). Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between objectively measured sleep duration and body mass index: the CARDIA Sleep Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 170(7), 805-813. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwp230 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  28. Lee, H. Y., Kim, M. S., Kim, O., Lee, I. H., & Kim, H. K. (2016). Association between shift work and severity of depressive symptoms among female nurses: the Korea Nurses' Health Study. Journal of Nursing Management, 24(2), 192-200. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12298 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  29. Marquezea, E. C., Lemosa, L. C., Soaresa, N., Lorenzi-Filhob, G., & Morenoa, C. R. (2012). Weight gain in relation to night work among nurses. Work, 41(Suppl. 1), 2043-2048. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-2012-0429-2043 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  30. McDowall, K., Murphy, E., & Anderson, K. (2017). The impact of shift work on sleep quality among nurses. Occupational Medicine, 67(8), 621-625. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqx152 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  31. Mezick, E. J., Wing, R. R., & McCaffery, J. M. (2014). Associations of self-reported and actigraphy-assessed sleep characteristics with body mass index and waist circumference in adults: moderation by gender. Sleep Medicine, 15(1), 64-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2013.08.784 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  32. Örmeci, M. T., Odman, E., Olgun, A., Öner, H., Yavuz, C., & Güler, Ç. (2013). Ankara'da faaliyet gösteren bir tipta uzmanlik dershanesine devam edenlerin bazi beslenme alişkanliklari ve beslenme durumlarindan memnuniyetlerinin belirlenmesi [Meal preferences and satisfaction of nutritional status of medical students and senior doctors attending a private medical specialty examination course]. Cumhuriyet Tip Dergisi, 35(4), 457-467. Go to original source...
  33. Park, E., Lee, H. Y., & Park, C. S. Y. (2018). Association between sleep quality and nurse productivity among Korean clinical nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 26(8), 1051-1058. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12634 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  34. Peplonska, B., Bukowska, A., & Sobala, W. (2015). Association of rotating night shift work with BMI and abdominal obesity among nurses and midwives. PloS One, 10(7), e0133761. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133761 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  35. Persson, M., & Mårtensson, J. (2006). Situations influencing habits in diet and exercise among nurses working night shift. Journal of Nursing Management, 14(5), 414-423. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  36. Pulat Demir, H., Elkin, N., Barut, A. Y., Bayram, H. M., & Averi, S. (2017). Vardiyali Çalişan Sağlik Personelinin Uyku Süresi ve Beslenme Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of sleep duration and nutrition status of medical staff workers that work shifts]. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlik Bilimleri Dergisi, 2, 89-107.
  37. Shao, M. F., Chou, Y. C., Yeh, M. Y., & Tzeng, W. C. (2010). Sleep quality and quality of life in female shift-working nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(7), 1565-1572. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05300.x Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  38. Speroni, K. G., Earley, C., Seibert, D., Kassem, M., Shorter, G., Ware, C. C., & Atherton, M. (2012). Effect of Nurses Living Fit™ exercise and nutrition intervention on body mass index in nurses. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 42(4), 231-238. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0b013e31824cce4c Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  39. Taheri, S., Lin, L., Austin, D., Young, T., & Mignot, E. (2004). Short sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin, elevated ghrelin, and increased body mass index. PLoS Medicine, 1(3), e62. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0010062 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  40. Wheaton, A. G., Perry, G. S., Chapman, D. P., McKnight-Eily, L. R., Presley-Cantrell, L. R., & Croft, J. B. (2011). Relationship between body mass index and perceived insufficient sleep among US adults: an analysis of 2008 BRFSS data. BMC Public Health, 11(1), 295. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-295 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  41. Yan, Z., Chang-Quan, H., Zhen-Chan, L., & Bi-Rong, D. (2012). Association between sleep quality and body mass index among Chinese nonagenarians / centenarians. Age, 34(3), 527-537. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-011-9251-3 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  42. Yeh, S. S. S., & Brown, R. F. (2014). Disordered eating partly mediates the relationship between poor sleep quality and high body mass index. Eating Behaviors, 15(2), 291-297. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.03.014 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  43. Zencirci, A. D., & Arslan, S. (2011). Morning-evening type and burnout level as factors influencing sleep quality of shift nurses: a questionnaire study. Croatian Medical Journal, 52(4), 527-537. https://doi.org/10.3325/cmj.2011.52.527 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.